New research from Johns Hopkins University suggests that hard work really does make a meal taste better, and that, particularly, healthy food is more appealing after some hard yakka.

“Basically, what we have shown is that if you have to expend more effort to get a certain food, not only will you value that food more, but it might even taste better to you,” explained Alexander Johnson, an associate research scientist in the Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences at the Krieger School of Arts and Sciences at Johns Hopkins University. “At present, we don’t know why effort seems to boost the taste of food, but we know that it does, and this effect lasts for at least 24 hours after the act of working hard to get the food.”

The study, titled “Greater effort boosts the affective taste properties of food,” appears in this week’s issue of the Proceedings of the Royal Society B, and was funded by America’s National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, and the National Institute of Mental Health.

Johnson teamed up on the project with Michela Gallagher, Krieger-Eisenhower Professor of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Neuroscience and vice provost for academic affairs at Johns Hopkins. Using ordinary laboratory mice, the team conducted two experiments.

In the first, mice were trained to respond to two levers. If the mice pressed one lever once, they were rewarded with a sugary treat. Another lever had to be pressed 15 times to deliver a similar treat. Later, when given free access to both tidbits, the rodents clearly preferred “the food that they worked harder for,” Johnson said.

In the second experiment, the team wanted to see if the mice still preferred their hard-earned snack if it was low-calorie. So, half the mice received lower calorie goodies from a high-effort lever, and half got them from a low-effort lever. When both groups of mice were given free access to the low-calorie food later, those who had worked hard for it earlier ate more of it, and even seemed to enjoy it more than did the other group.

“We then analyzed the way in which the mice consumed the food,” Johnson explained. “Why did we do this? Because food intake can be driven by a variety of factors, including how it tastes, how hungry the mice were beforehand, and how ‘sated’ or full the food made them feel.”

Johnson and Gallagher used licking behavior as a measure of the rodents’ enjoyment of their treats, and found that the mice that had to work harder for their low-cal rewards did, in fact, savor them more.

“Our basic conclusion is that under these conditions, having to work harder to get a certain food changes how much that food is valued, and it does that by changing how good that food tastes,” Johnson said. “This suggests that, down the road, obese individuals might be able to alter their eating habits so as to prefer healthier, low calorie food by manipulating the amount of work required to obtain the food. Of course, our study didn’t delve into that aspect. But the implications certainly are there.”

Of course, people aren’t mice – but anyone who’s ever eaten a meal after a long day’s hard work can tell you there’s definitely something to it.

Share